ABSTRACT
Purpose@#This study aimed to identify predicting factors on intention to use mental health services of nursing students. Factors such the predisposing, enabling, and need factors based on Anderson’s behavioral model were tested. @*Methods@#A cross-sectional, descriptive correlational study design was used. The subjects in the study were 220 nursing students. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, x2 test, t-test, and logistic regression with SPSS 24.0. @*Results@#On logistic regression analysis, the experience of accessing information related to mental health (disease) (OR=3.90, p<.05) and sub-factors of mental health literacy, knowledge of self-treatment (OR=1.89, p<.05) were statistically significant factors for mental health services use intention. This constitued 30.5% of the intentions to use mental health services. @*Conclusion@#Nursing students are more likely to use mental health services as they have more experience with mental health related information and more knowledge on self-treatment related to mental health.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) is critical in the immune response to mycobacterial infections. The purpose of this study was to analyze TLR2 surface expressions and TLR2-mediated tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) production in patients with BCG vaccine-associated suppurative lymphadenitis. METHODS: Peripheral monocytes were separated from 16 patients with BCG vaccine-associated suppurative lymphadenitis and 10 healthy controls using a magnet cell isolation kit. Monocytes (1x10(6) cells/well) were incubated with a constant amount of Pam(3)CSK(4) (100 microgram/mL) for 24 hours. TLR2 surface expression on monocytes was analyzed by FACS analysis and TLR-2 mRNA expression was determined by RT-PCR. TLR2-mediated TNF-alpha and IL-6 production were measured by ELISA. RESULTS: In patients with BCG vaccine-associated suppurative lymphadenitis, low TLR2 expression on monocytes (3.39+/-1.2% versus 4.64+/-2.6%) together with significantly lower TLR2 mRNA expression than in the healthy controls was seen after Pam(3)CSK(4) stimulation. TLR2-mediated TNF-alpha and IL-6 production in patients with BCG vaccine-associated suppurative lymphadenitis (TNF-alpha, 775.5+/-60.8 pg/mL; IL-6, 4,645.8+/-583.9 pg/mL) were also lesser than that in healthy controls (TNF-alpha, 1,098.5+/-94.3 pg/mL; IL-6, 6,696.3+/-544.3 pg/mL). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that low TLR2 expression on monocytes might be associated with increased susceptibility to BCG vaccine-associated suppurative lymphadenitis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cell Separation , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Interleukin-6 , Lymphadenitis , Magnets , Monocytes , Mycobacterium bovis , RNA, Messenger , Toll-Like Receptor 2 , Toll-Like Receptors , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alphaABSTRACT
The mental health of medical students deserves attention because the problems in students may negatively influence learning ability and create consequences for later adjustment to doctor's role. The purpose of this study is to understand the stress, copying, self-esteem and subjective general well-being of medical students and compare them with other students group (students of law, science and humanities). The results was as follows : First, medical students did not report more stress but they use less copying strategy than other students group. Second, there was no differences in stress, copying, self-esteem and general well-being between high and low academic achievement group in medical students. Futhermore, study-related stress had more close relationship with self-esteem, general well-being. Third, the preparatory course students showed lower score in general well-being, especially health, cheerful-depressive mood domain. These results imply that mental health promotion programmes focused in guiding adjustment for the preparatory course students are helpful. And psychiatric, academic counseling should be made available to them. It can lead to an improvement in our health care delivery system. The need of additional longitudinal research is discussed.
Subject(s)
Humans , Counseling , Delivery of Health Care , Jurisprudence , Learning , Mental Health , Students, MedicalABSTRACT
Teeth play an important role in mastication and phonation as well as in esthetics. Since metric and non-metric characteristics of teeth can be used in anthropological comparison, archeology and identification, they are very important in physical anthropology, archeology and forensic odontology. However, this subject has rarely been studied in Koreans and therefore data on the anthropological characteristics are scarce. Researchers have measured 5 factors on each tooth and 9 non-metric characteristics of 1085 teeth collected from Gaya, Korea and Chosun people and 1397 teeth collected from the present Koreans (both female and male). Metric and non-metric traits of the teeth were compared in past and present Koreans. Comparing the measurement of the teeth in past and present Koreans, no difference in the faciolingual diameter was seen while slight difference was seen in the mesiodistal diameter of past and present Koreans. Non-metric traits of Koreans showed that 96.4% of past Koreans and 94.2% of present Koreans had shoveling in the maxillary central incisior while 93.1% of past Koreans and 90.6% of present Koreans had shoveling in the maxillary lateral incisor. Therefore shoveling was present in a higher rate in the past Koreans. The result on the comparison of the lingual cusp number on mandibular second premolars, showed that while past Koreans had 1 (48.0%) or 2 (52.0%) lingual cusps, present Koreans had 1 (52.3%), 2 (46.7%) or 3 (1.0%) lingual cusps. The Terra's tubercle was seen on the mesial surface in 53.7% of maxillary first premolar in the present Koreans and 48.7% of maxillary second premolar showed no tubercle. Meanwhile, past Koreans showed a higher rate of Terra's tubercle than present Koreans. Frequence of Carabelli's tubercle in the maxillary first molar was 18.4% in past Koreans and 36.2% in present Koreans. The most common form of occlusal groove pattern in the maxillary first molar was '4' (94.3% in past Koreans, 94.3% in present Koreans) and in the maxillary second molar was '4-' (40.5% in past Koreans, 76.5% in present Koreans). In both the past and present Koreans, The 'Y5' pattern of occlusal groove pattern was most common in the mandibular first molar and '+4' pattern in the mandibular second molar.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Anthropology, Physical , Archaeology , Bicuspid , Esthetics , Incisor , Korea , Mastication , Molar , Phonation , ToothABSTRACT
In order to identify the sexual difference and the aging changes on the cranial metric dimensions and to clarify the anthropological characteristics of Korean skulls, authors took the radiographs of lateral skull projections and made out perspective drawings and measured 33 cranial metric dimensions using 32 standard points of normal Korean 373 heads. The results were as follows. 1. 4 items of metric dimensions on the calvarial thickness were greater in the male than the female and all the calvarial thicknesses of younger adults were thicker than the older adults. 2. As a result of measuring 11 items of skull size including the maximum cranial length (glabella to opisthocranion diameter) and the cranial height (basion to vertex diameter), all average metric dimensions of the skull were shown the sexual difference. 3. Among the metric dimensions of skull size, the maximum cranial length (glabella to opisthocranion diameter) was not different between the younger and older adults, but the cranial height (basion to bregma diameter) was greater in the younger than the older adults. 4. In according to the metric dimensions of the cranial base, the length and the angle of the cranial base were shown the sexual difference, that is, all dimensions on the cranial basewere greater in the males. 5. The breadth and height of pituitary fossa were greater in the older female than the younger females. 6. Metric dimensions on the sella position related to other cranial landmarks were shown the sexual difference, but there were no differences between the younger and older adults. 7. Metric dimensions on the frontal sinus were shown the greatest sexual difference and there were the differences between the younger and older males, not in the females. Taken all together, all the basic anthropological data of Korean crania in this study will be helpful to the sexual discrimination, and will be applied to other basic medical and dental sciences.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Aging , Asian People , Discrimination, Psychological , Frontal Sinus , Head , Skull , Skull BaseABSTRACT
No abstract available.